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Medical foods are specially formulated nutritional products designed to manage specific diseases or health conditions that have distinctive nutritional requirements. Unlike regular dietary supplements, medical foods are intended for patients who need targeted nutrition that cannot be met through a normal diet alone. They are used under the supervision of a healthcare professional and are often prescribed for conditions such as metabolic disorders, chronic kidney disease, diabetes-related complications, gastrointestinal disorders, neurological conditions, and malabsorption issues.

Medical foods differ from supplements in several key ways. First, they are regulated under a unique category by authorities such as the FDA, requiring them to meet strict manufacturing and labeling standards. Second, they must address a medically recognized condition with established nutritional needs, whereas supplements are generally used to support overall well-being or fill nutrient gaps. Third, medical foods are often available in specialized forms—such as nutrient-dense beverages, powders, or enteral formulas—designed for patients who may have difficulty digesting, absorbing, or metabolizing regular food.

Overall, medical foods play an essential role in clinical nutrition by providing precise nutrient compositions that support disease management, improve patient outcomes, and enhance quality of life for individuals with complex medical needs.